Introduction
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) is a prominent figure in early Islamic history and is known for his unique qualities. He belonged to the respected Quraysh crew. Hazrat Saad ibn Abi Waqas (RA) accepted Islam early on, influenced by the teachings and character of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW).
He was known for his strong faith, outstanding leadership, and bravery in Battle. As a close companion of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), he played vital roles in various battles, including the Ghazwa of Badr, where he was well-known for his arrow-shooting skills. Additionally, he played a crucial role in the Muslim conquest of Persia, leading the Muslims to victory at the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah. Apart from his military achievements, he served as a just and wise governor of Kufa.
Ashra Mubashra Sahabi
Hazrat Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) is considered one of the ten companions of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) who were promised Paradise (Jannah). His early acceptance of Islam, close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (SAW), bravery and leadership in battles, role in expanding the Islamic state, and purity all contributed to his status as one of the Ashra Mubashra Sahabi.
For more information, visit this blog post: The Ashra Mubashra: The Ten Companions Promised Paradise.
Background and Family Tree
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) was born in Mecca in 595 CE. He belonged to the Banu Zuhrah clan, part of the larger and more significant Quraish crew.
Lineage: He was known from a young age for his superior archery skills. His full name was Saad ibn Abi Waqqas Malik ibn Uhayb ibn Abd Manaf ibn Zuhrah ibn Kilab ibn Murrah. He grew up in the heart of Meccan society, surrounded by pre-Islamic Arabia’s social and cultural dynamics.
Family Connections
- Father: Malik ibn Wuhayb
- Mother: His mother was Hamnah bint Sufyan.
- Relation with Muhammad (SAW): His mother belonged to the Bani Zuhrah clan, which was the same clan as Aminah bint Wahb, the mother of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Therefore, he was a maternal uncle of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW).
Children and their Contributions
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas’s (RA) children continued to play significant roles in Islamic history. Here are some of his notable children :
- Omar ibn Sa’ad was one of his sons, known for his controversial role in the Battle of Karbala. He led the army against Hazrat Hussain ibn Ali (RA), the Prophet Muhammad’s (SAW) grandson.
- Ammar ibn Sa’ad: Another son, Ammar ibn Sa’ad, had a less controversial and more respected legacy. He maintained the family’s prestige and influence in the Muslim community.
Personality and Character
Hazrat Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas’s (RA) personality and character had several outstanding traits that made him a key figure in the early Islamic community. Here are some defining aspects of his personality and character:
Bravery and Martial Prowess
He was famous for his bravery and warrior skills. He showed courage during important battles like the Ghazwa of Badr and the Ghazwa of Uhud. Because of his remarkable ability, the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) chose him to be an archer. His military leadership and strategic skills were also apparent during the Battle of Qadisiyyah, which led to the Muslim conquest of Persia.
Deep Faith and Piety
Hazrat Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas’s (RA) faith in Islam was a cornerstone of his character. He stayed firm in his faith even when facing severe oppression. His commitment to Islamic teachings and close relationship with the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) were apparent in his actions and decisions throughout his life. His righteousness was not just in his worship but also in his daily adherence to Islamic principles.
Humility and Modesty
Despite his many victories and high status among his companions, he remained humble and modest. He did not seek personal glory or power, instead dedicating his life to serving Islam and the Muslim community. His humility was apparent in how he engaged with others and his reluctance to take on leadership roles unless it was for the benefit of the community.
Devotion to Prayer and Worship
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) showed deep faith through his intense dedication to prayer. He consistently performed the Daily Prayers and engaged in additional acts of worship, such as the Tahajjud prayers. His devotion to prayer highlighted his firm belief in Allah (SWT) and his desire to grow spiritually and draw closer to the Divine. He was also deeply devoted to reciting the Holy Quran and memorizing its verses.
For more exploration about reciting The Quran and memorizing tips, read the following blog post:
- Benefits of Reciting Quran: A Spiritual Journey
- How to Memorize the Quran Fast and Easy: Effortlessly Hifz Quran
The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) recognized His devoutness, as narrated:
“O Allah Almighty, respond to Sa’d when he supplicates to You.”
(Jami` at-Tirmidhi 3751).
Acceptance of Islam
Hazrat Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) is considered one of the earliest to accept Islam. He demonstrated remarkable courage and conviction by accepting faith at a young age, likely around 17-19. While Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) may have introduced him to Islam, it was Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqas’s (RA) own willingness to understand the message and dedicate himself to Allah (SWT) that led to his conversion.
To learn more about the life and legacy of Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA), click on the link and explore his contributions to Islam: Role of Hazrat Abu Bakr in Islamic History.
Facing Opposition from his Family
After Hazrat Sa’ad (RA) converted to Islam, his family and crew strongly opposed his new faith. His mother was deeply distressed and even went on a hunger strike to try to force him to leave Islam. However, his strong faith was apparent in this story, as he remained faithful despite his mother’s actions.
First Blood Drawn for Islam
The early days of Islam in Mecca were filled with hardship. The Quraysh crew and other idolaters oppressed Muslims. They often harassed, tortured, and pressured Muslims to leave their new faith. This period was full of hardship and danger for the early Muslim community.
In one notable incident, Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) struck an idolater who was attacking him. His act is significant because it is considered the first time blood was shed in defense of Islam. His action marked a turning point, showing that Muslims were willing to defend their faith even in the face of violence and oppression. This event symbolizes the strength and courage of the early Muslims in standing up for their beliefs.
Leadership and Governance
The Leader of the Muslim Army
During the Battle of Qadisiyyah, Caliph Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) appointed Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) commander of the Muslim army. This significant battle occurred between the Muslim forces and the Sassanian Empire (Persia). His strategic skills and leadership in battles helped the Muslims defeat the Persian Empire, leading to the spread of Islam and the establishment of Islamic rule in the region.
For more information about the life of Hazrat Umar (RA), click on this link: The Inspiring Life and Martyrdom of Hazrat Umar (RA).
Governorship of Kufa
During the caliphate of Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA), Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) was appointed as the governor of Kufa. His appointment followed his successful leadership in the Battle of Qadisiyyah (636 CE). His leadership qualities and loyalty to the caliphate made him the perfect choice to govern the strategically significant city of Kufa.
Several vital aspects marked his leadership during this period:
- Justice and Fairness: Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqas (RA) was known for his fair administration and for ensuring justice among the people.
- Infrastructure Development: He developed Kufa’s infrastructure by building mosques, schools, and roads. This addressed the needs of the growing Muslim community and aligned with the Islamic emphasis on education and community spaces.
- Military Organization: Kufa served as a soldiers’ town. Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqas (RA) ensured that the troops were well-equipped and ready for any campaigns, contributing to the stability and security of the region.
- Economic Reforms: He implemented economic policies to improve the welfare of the people. His economic policies, including fair distribution of spoils and sound revenue management, reflected the Islamic principles of social welfare and responsible resource management (Quran 2:177).
Challenges and Leadership
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) was not only a military leader but also a skilled administrator who effectively managed the newly established city of Kufa. When governing, differences in opinion are natural. Hazrat Saad’s (RA) wisdom and the respect he commanded among the people helped him navigate these situations and maintain a sense of unity within the Muslim community in Kufa.
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) Mosque
The Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) Mosque is a significant historical and religious site in Guangzhou, China. It was named after a respected companion of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). According to tradition, Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) introduced Islam to China during the Tang Dynasty.
The mosque complex includes his tomb and a peaceful haven with lush gardens and ancient trees. Its architecture blends Arabic and traditional Lingnan styles. This mosque symbolizes the deep historical connections between the Middle East and China. Today, it continues to attract pilgrims from all over the world.
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas’s (RA) Tomb
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas (RA) passed away in 674 CE at the age of 83. He lived a long and remarkable life, leaving a legacy of faith and dedication to Islam. As one of Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) closest companions, he played an important role in the early spread of Islam, including his leadership in the Battles. His contributions continue to inspire Muslims worldwide.
Tomb Location and Visitation
Following Islamic burial traditions, Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqqas’s (RA) final resting place is a simple and modest grave in the historic Al-Baqi Cemetery in Medina. This cemetery holds the graves of many other companions of the Prophet (PBUH).
Importance to Muslims Worldwide
Hazrat Saad bin Abi Waqas (RA) tomb is an important site for Muslims around the world. Some Muslims visit to remember and reflect on the lives of these important figures in Islamic history.
